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中英

發布時間: 2021-07-17 06:57:05

1. 中英文化差異的論文

中英飲食差異中文

中西方的飲食方式有很大不同,這種差異對民族性格也有影響。在中國,任何一個宴席,不管是什麼目的,都只會有一種形式,就是大家團團圍坐,共享一席。筵席要用圓桌,這就從形式上造成了一種團結、禮貌、共趣的氣氛。美味佳餚放在一桌人的中心,它既是一桌人欣賞、品嘗的對象,又是一桌人感情交流的媒介物。人們相互敬酒、相互讓菜、勸菜,在美好的事物面前,體現了人們之間相互尊重、禮讓的美德。雖然從衛生的角度看,這種飲食方式有明顯的不足之處,但它符合我們民族「大團圓」的普遍心態,反映了中國古典哲學中「和」這個范疇對後代思想的影響,便於集體的情感交流,因而至今難以改革。

西式飲宴上,食品和酒盡管非常重要,但實際上那是作為陪襯。宴會的核心在於交誼,通過與鄰座客人之間的交談,達到交誼的目的。如果將宴會的交誼性與舞蹈相類比,那麼可以說,中式宴席好比是集體舞,而西式宴會好比是男女的交誼舞。由此可見,中式宴會和西式宴會交誼的目的都很明顯,只不過中式宴會更多地體現在全席的交誼,而西式宴會多體現於相鄰賓客之間的交誼。與中國飲食方式的差異更為明顯的是西方流行的自助餐。此法是:將所有食物一一陳列出來,大家各取所需,不必固定在位子上吃,走動自由,這種方式便於個人之間的情感交流,不必將所有的話擺在桌面上,也表現了西方人對個性、對自我的尊重。但各吃各的,互不相擾,缺少了一些中國人聊歡共樂的情調。

所以,歸根結底還是感性與理性之間的差異。但是,這種差異似乎在隨著科學的發展而變的模糊。越來越多的中國人以不再只注重菜的色、香、味,而更注重它的衛生與營養了。尤其是在經歷了非典以後。還有,人們因為越來越繁忙的工作,覺得中餐做起來太麻煩,不如來個漢堡方便等。這樣一來在飲食上差異也就不太分明了。

ENGLISH
Center the western diet way has very greatly differently, thiskind of difference is also influential to the national disposition. InChina, any banquet, no matter is any goal, all only can have one kindof form, is everybody sits in a circle all round, shares. The banquetmust use the round table, this formally has created one kind ofunity, politeness, altogether the interest atmosphere. The delicacydelicacies put on table of people's centers, it not only is the objectwhich table of people appreciates, tastes, also is a table of peoplesentiments exchange intermedium. The people mutually propose a toast,mutually offer food to a guest, urge the vegetable, in front of thehappy thing, has manifested the moral excellence which between thepeople mutually respects, gives precedence out of courtesy. Althoughlooked from the hygienic angle, this diet way has the obviousdeficiency, but it conforms to our nationality "the happy ending" theuniversal point of view, had reflected in the Chinese classicalphilosophy "and" this category to the descendant thought influence, isadvantageous for the collective emotion exchange, thus until now withdifficulty reforms.

Western-style banquets, food and liquor although count for much, butin fact that takes the set-off. The banquet core lies in thefriendship, through with the adjacent seat visitor's betweenconversation, achieves the friendship the goal. If and the danceresembles the banquet friendship compared to, then may say, theChinese type banquet is just like is a group dance, but thewestern-style banquet is just like is men's and women's socialdancing. Thus it can be seen, the Chinese type banquet and thewestern-style banquet friendship goal very is all obvious, onlyChinese type banquet more terrains now complete meal friendship, butthe western-style banquet manifests much between the neighboringguest's friendship. Is the western popular buffet is more obviouswhich with the Chinese diet way difference. This law is: Will possessfood 11 to exhibit, everybody 各取所需, will not need to fix onthe seat eats, takes a walk the freedom, this way will be advantageousfor between indivial emotion exchange, will not will certainly allspeeches to suspend on the tabletop, also has displayed the westernperson to the indiviality, to the self- respect. But respectivelyeats each, mutually did not harass, lacks some Chinese to chat thehappy altogether happy affective tone.

Therefore, in the final analysis or between perceptual and rationaldifference. But, this kind of difference as if in the fuzziness whichchanges along with the science development. More and more many Chineseby no longer only pay great attention to the vegetable the color, thefragrance, the taste, but paid great attention to its health and thenutrition. In has experienced after in particular the non- standard.Also, the people because of the more and more busy work, thought theChinese meal starts too troubles, was inferior to Hamburg facilitatesand so on. Then the difference not too was also distinct in the diet. 論文

2. 中英 南京條約

《南京條約》主要內容
中英《南京條約》共13款,主要內容是:
1、宣布結束戰爭。兩國關系由戰爭狀態,進入和平狀態。
2、五口通商。清朝政府開放廣州、福州、廈門、寧波、上海等五處為通商口岸,准許英國派駐領事,准許英商及其家屬自由居住。
3、賠款。清政府向英國賠款2100萬元,其中600萬銀元賠償被焚鴉片,1200萬銀元賠償英國軍費,300萬銀元償還商人債務。其款分4年交納清楚,倘未能按期交足,則酌定每年百元應加利息5銀元。
4、割地。清朝政府將香港島割讓給英國。
5、中國徵收英商貨物進出口關稅應由兩國協商。
6、廢除公行制度,准許英商與華商自由貿易。
《南京條約》是近代西方資本主義國家強加在中國人民身上的第一個不平等條約。英國以武力侵略的方式迫使中國接受其侵略要求,這就使中國主權國家的獨立地位遭到了破壞。強佔香港,損害了中國領土的完整。通商口岸成為西方資本主義對中國進行殖民掠奪和不等價交換的中心。巨額賠償加重了清政府的財政負擔,同時轉嫁到勞動人民的身上,使他們的生活更加艱苦。《南京條約》簽訂後,西方列強趁火打劫,相繼強迫清政府簽訂了一系列不平等條約。從此,中國開始淪為半殖民地半封建社會。

3. 中英所有格有什麼區別

所有格表示有生命的東西的名詞及某些表示時間,距離,星球,世界,國家等無生命的東西的名詞後加』s來表示所有關系,叫做名詞所有格。
名詞所有格的構成,單數名詞直接+'s ,復數名詞詞尾有s結尾 +'s,若詞尾無 s + 's ,表示幾個主語共同擁有一樣東西,在最後一個主語後加 's;若表示幾個主語各自擁有一樣東西,在每個主語後都+ 's,通常情況下,表示無生命的東西所有格用of。

4. 外國詩歌(中英對照)

《飛鳥集》泰戈爾
1
夏天的飛鳥,飛到我的窗前唱歌,又飛去了。
秋天的黃葉,它們沒有什麼可唱,只嘆息一聲,飛落在那裡。
Stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away.
And yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall
there with a sign.

2
世界上的一隊小小的漂泊者呀,請留下你們的足印在我的文字里。
O Troupe of little vagrants of the world, leave your footprints in my words.

3
世界對著它的愛人,把它浩翰的面具揭下了。
它變小了,小如一首歌,小如一回永恆的接吻。
The world puts off its mask of vastness to its lover.
It becomes small as one song, as one kiss of the eternal.

4
是大地的淚點,使她的微笑保持著青春不謝。
It is the tears of the earth that keep here smiles in bloom.

5
無垠的沙漠熱烈追求一葉綠草的愛,她搖搖頭笑著飛開了。
The mighty desert is burning for the love of a bladeof grass who
shakes her head and laughs and flies away.

6
如果你因失去了太陽而流淚,那麼你也將失去群星了。
If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you also miss the stars.

7
跳舞著的流水呀,在你途中的泥沙,要求你的歌聲,你的流動呢。你肯挾
瘸足的泥沙而俱下么?
The sands in your way beg for your song and your movement, dancing
water. Will you carry the burden of their lameness?

8
她的熱切的臉,如夜雨似的,攪擾著我的夢魂。
Her wishful face haunts my dreams like the rain at night.

9
有一次,我們夢見大家都是不相識的。
我們醒了,卻知道我們原是相親相愛的。
Once we dreamt that we were strangers.
We wake up to find that we were dear to each other.

10
憂思在我的心裡平靜下去,正如暮色降臨在寂靜的山林中。
Sorrow is hushed into peace in my heart like the evening among
the silent trees.

11

有些看不見的手,如懶懶的微(風思)的,正在我的心上奏著
潺(氵爰)的樂聲。
Some unseen fingers, like an idle breeze, are playing upon my heart
the music of the ripples.

12
「海水呀,你說的是什麼?」
「是永恆的疑問。」
「天空呀,你回答的話是什麼?」
「是永恆的沉默。」
What language is thine, O sea?
The language of eternal question.
What language is thy answer, O sky?
The language of eternal silence.

13
靜靜地聽,我的心呀,聽那世界的低語,這是它對你求愛的表示呀。
Listen, my heart, to the whispers of the world with which it makes
love to you.

14
創造的神秘,有如夜間的黑暗--是偉大的。而知識的幻影卻不過如晨間
之霧。
The mystery of creation is like the darkness of night--it is great.
Delusions of knowledge are like the fog of the morning.

15
不要因為峭壁是高的,便讓你的愛情坐在峭壁上。
Do not seat your love upon a precipice because it is high.

16
我今晨坐在窗前,世界如一個路人似的,停留了一會,向我點點頭又走過
去了。
I sit at my window this morning where the world like a passer-by stops
for a moment, nods to me and goes.

17
這些微(風思),是樹葉的簌簌之聲呀;它們在我的心裡歡悅地微語著。
There little thoughts are the rustle of leaves; they have their
whisper of joy in my mind.

18
你看不見你自己,你所看見的只是你的影子。
What you are you do not see, what you see is your shadow.

19
神呀,我的那些願望真是愚傻呀,它們雜在你的歌聲中喧叫著呢。
讓我只是靜聽著吧。
My wishes are fools, they shout across thy song, my Master.
Let me but listen.

20
我不能選擇那最好的。
是那最好的選擇我。
I cannot choose the best.
The best chooses me.

21

那些把燈背在背上的人,把他們的影子投到了自己前面。
They throw their shadows before them who carry their lantern on
their back.

22
我的存在,對我是一個永久的神奇,這就是生活。
That I exist is a perpetual surprise which is life.

23
「我們蕭蕭的樹葉都有聲響回答那風和雨。你是誰呢,那樣的沉默著?」
「我不過是一朵花。」
We, the rustling leaves, have a voice that answers the storms,
but who are you so silent?"
I am a mere flower.

24
休息與工作的關系,正如眼瞼與眼睛的關系。
Rest belongs to the work as the eyelids to the eyes.

25
人是一個初生的孩子,他的力量,就是生長的力量。
Man is a born child, his power is the power of growth.

26
神希望我們酬答他,在於他送給我們的花朵,而不在於太陽和土地。
God expects answers for the flowers he sends us, not for the sun
the earth.

27
光明如一個裸體的孩子,快快活活地在綠葉當中游戲,它不知道人是會欺
詐的。
The light that plays, like a naked child, among the green leaves
happily knows not that man can lie.

28
啊,美呀,在愛中找你自己吧,不要到你鏡子的諂諛去找尋。
O Beauty, find thyself in love, not in the flattery of thy mirror.

29
我的心把她的波浪在世界的海岸上沖激著,以熱淚在上邊寫著她的題記:
「我愛你。」
My heart beats her waves at the shore of the world and writes upon
it her signature in tears with the words, "I love thee."

30
「月兒呀,你在等候什麼呢?」
「向我將讓位給他的太陽致敬。」
Moon, for what do you wait?
To salute the sun for whom I must make way.

31

綠樹長到了我的窗前,彷彿是喑啞的大地發出的渴望的聲音。
The trees come up to my window like the yearning voice of the mb earth.

32
神自己的清晨,在他自己看來也是新奇的。
His own mornings are new surprises to God.

33
生命從世界得到資產,愛情使它得到價值。
Life finds its wealth by the claims of the world, and its worth
by the claims of love.

34
枯竭的河床,並不感謝它的過去。
The dry river-bed finds no thanks for its past.

35
鳥兒願為一朵雲。
雲兒願為一隻鳥。
The bird wishes it were a cloud.
The cloud wishes it were a bird.

36
瀑布歌唱道:「我得到自由時便有了歌聲了。」
The waterfall sing, "I find my song, when I find my freedom."

37
我說不出這心為什麼那樣默默地頹喪著。
是為了它那不曾要求,不曾知道,不曾記得的小小的需要。
I cannot tell why this heart languishes in silence.
It is for small needs it never asks, or knows or remembers.

38
婦人,你在料理家務的時候,你的手足歌唱著,正如山間的溪水歌唱著在
小石中流過。
Woman, when you move about in your household service your limbs sing
like a hill stream among its pebbles.

39
當太陽橫過西方的海面時,對著東方留下他的最後的敬禮。
The sun goes to cross the Western sea, leaving its last salutation
to the East.

40
不要因為你自己沒有胃口而去責備你的食物。
Do not blame your food because you have no appetite.

41
群樹如表示大地的願望似的,踮起腳來向天空窺望。
The trees, like the longings of the earth, stand atiptoe to peep
at the heaven.

42
你微微地笑著,不同我說什麼話。而我覺得,為了這個,我已等待得久了。
You smiled and talked to me of nothing and I felt that for this
I had been waiting long.

43
水裡的游魚是沉默的,陸地上的獸類是喧鬧的,空中的飛鳥是歌唱著的。
但是,人類卻兼有海里的沉默,地上的喧鬧與空中的音樂。
The fish in the water is silent, the animal on the earth is noisy,
the bird in the air is singing.
But Man has in him the silence of the sea, the noise of the earth and
the music of the air.

44
世界在躊躇之心的琴弦上跑過去,奏出憂郁的樂聲。
The world rushes on over the strings of the lingering heart making
the music of sadness.

45
他把他的刀劍當作他的上帝。
當他的刀劍勝利的時候他自己卻失敗了。
He has made his weapons his gods.
When his weapons win he is defeated himself.

46
神從創造中找到他自己。
God finds himself by creating.

47
陰影戴上她的面幕,秘密地,溫順地,用她的沉默的愛的腳步,跟在「光」
後邊。
Shadow, with her veil drawn, follows Light in secret meekness,
with her silent steps of love.

48
群星不怕顯得象螢火那樣。
The stars are not afraid to appear like fireflies.

49
謝謝神,我不是一個權力的輪子,而是被壓在這輪子下的活人之一。
I thank thee that I am none of the wheels of power but I am one with
the living creatures that are crushed by it.

50
心是尖銳的,不是寬博的,它執著在每一點上,卻並不活動。
The mind, sharp but not broad, sticks at every point but does not move.

51

你的偶像委散在塵土中了,這可證明神的塵土比你的偶像還偉大。
You idol is shattered in the st to prove that God's st is greater
than your idol.

52
人不能在他的歷史中表現出他自己,他在歷史中奮斗著露出頭角。
Man does not reveal himself in his history, he struggles up through it.

53
玻璃燈因為瓦燈叫它做表兄而責備瓦燈。但明月出來時,玻璃
燈卻溫和地微笑著,叫明月為---「我親愛的,親愛的姐姐。」
While the glass lamp rebukes the earthen for calling it cousin the
moon rises, and the glass lamp, with a bland smile, calls her,
---My dear, dear sister.

54
我們如海鷗之與波濤相遇似地,遇見了,走近了。海鷗飛去,波濤滾滾地流
開,我們也分別了。
Like the meeting of the seagulls and the waves we meet and come near.
The seagulls fly off, the waves roll away and we depart.

55
我的白晝已經完了,我象一隻泊在海灘上的小船,諦聽著晚潮跳舞的
樂聲。
My day is done, and I am like a boat drawn on the beach, listening to
the dance-music of the tide in the evening.

56
我們的生命是天賦的,我們惟有獻出生命,才能得到生命。
Life is given to us, we earn it by giving it.

57
當我們是大為謙卑的時候,便是我們最接近偉大的時候。
We come nearest to the great when we are great in humility.

58
麻雀看見孔雀負擔著它的翎尾,替它擔憂。
The sparrow is sorry for the peacock at the burden of its tail.

59
決不要害怕剎那--永恆之聲這樣唱著。
Never be afraid of the moments--thus sings the voice of the everlasting.

60
風於無路之中尋求最短之路,又突然地在「無何有之國」終之了它的追求。
The hurricane seeks the shortest road by the no-road, and suddenly ends
its search in the Nowhere.

61

在我自己的杯中,飲了我的酒吧,朋友。
一倒在別人的杯里,這酒的騰跳的泡沫便要消失了。
Take my wine in my own cup, friend.
It loses its wreath of foam when poured into that of others.

62
「完全」為了對「不全」的愛,把自己裝飾得美麗。
The perfect decks itself in beauty for the love of the Imperfect.

63
神對人說:「我醫治你所以傷害你,愛你所以懲罰你。」
God says to man, "I heal you therefore I hurt, love you therefore punish."

64
謝謝火焰給你光明,但是不要忘了那執燈的人,他是堅忍地站在黑暗當中呢。
Thank the flame for its light, but do not forget the lampholder
standing in the shade with constancy of patience.

65
小草呀,你的足步雖小,但是你擁有你足下的土地。
Tiny grass, your steps are small, but you possess the earth under
your tread.

66
幼花的蓓蕾開放了,它叫道:「親愛的世界呀,請不要萎謝了。」
The infant flower opens its bud and cries, "Dear World, please do not
fade."

67
神對於那些大帝國會感到厭惡,卻決不會厭惡那些小小的花朵。
God grows weary of great kingdoms, but never of little flowers.

68
錯誤經不起失敗,但是真理卻不怕失敗。
Wrong cannot afford defeat but Right can.

69
瀑布歌唱道:「雖然渴者只要少許的水便夠了,我卻很快活地給與了我的全
部的水。
I give my whole water in joy,
it is enough for the thirsty.

70
把那些花朵拋擲上去的那一陣子無休無止的狂歡大喜的勁兒,其源泉是在哪
里呢?
Where is the fountain that throws up these flowers in a ceaseless
outbreak of ecstasy?

71

樵夫的斧頭,問樹要斧柄。
樹便給了他。
The woodcutter's axe begged for its handle from the tree.
The tree gave it.

72
這寡獨的黃昏,幕著霧與雨,我在我的心的孤寂里,感覺到它的嘆息。
In my solitude of heart I feel the sigh of this widowed evening veiled
with mist and rain.

73
貞操是從豐富的愛情中生出來的財富。
Chastity is a wealth that comes from abundance of love.

74
霧,象愛情一樣,在山峰的心上游戲,生出種種美麗的變幻。
The mist, like love, plays upon the heart of the hills and bring out
surprises of beauty.

75
我們把世界看錯了,反說它欺騙我們。
We read the world wrong and say that it deceives us.

76
詩人--飆風,正出經海洋森林,追求它自己的歌聲。
The poet wind is out over the sea and the forest to seek his own voice.

77
每一個孩子出生時都帶來信息說:神對人並未灰心失望。
Every child comes with the message that God is not yet discouraged of man.

78
綠草求她地上的伴侶。
樹木求他天空的寂寞。
The grass seeks her crowd in the earth.
The tree seeks his solitude of the sky.

79
人對他自己建築起堤防來。
Man barricades against himself.

80
我的朋友,你的語聲飄盪在我的心裡,象那海水的低吟聲繞繚
在靜聽著的松林之間。
Your voice, my friend, wanders in my heart, like the muffled sound
of the sea among these listening pines.

5. 中英語言文化差異

中英文化差異:你不重視我我就會讓你很尷尬~

南京學府翻譯
2019年05月30日
中英文化差異隨處可見,語言習慣,生活環境,邏輯思維等等都有很多的不同點。

如果在交往時隨心所欲,忽略這些文化差異,當你和國外朋友相處時就會很尷尬。

下面這些常見的差異,你有沒有遇到過呢?

1.回答提問

中國人對別人的問話,總是以肯定或否定對方的話來確定用「對」或者「不對」。

如:

「我想你不到20歲,對嗎?」

「是的,我不到20歲。」或者「不,我已經30歲了。」

英語中,對別人的問話,總是依據事實結果的肯定或否定用「Yes」或者「No」。

如:

「You're not a student,are you?」

「Yes,I am.」或者「No,I am not.」

2.親屬稱謂

英語的親屬以家庭為中心,一代人為一個稱謂板塊,只區別男性、女性,卻忽視配偶雙方因性別不同而出現的稱謂差異。

如:

父母同輩中的稱謂:英文「uncle」和「aunt」,而中文要分「伯伯、叔叔、舅舅、姑媽、姨媽」等。

還有,英文中的表示下輩的「nephew和 niece」是不分侄甥的,表示同輩的「cousin」不分堂表、性別。

3.考慮問題的主體

中國人喜歡以對方為中心,考慮對方的情感。

如:

你想買什麼?

您想借什麼書?

而英語中,往往從自身的角度出發。

如:

Can I help you?

What can I do for you?

4.問候用語

中國人打招呼,一般都以對方處境或動向為思維出發點。

如:

您去哪裡?

您是上班還是下班?

而西方人往往認為這些純屬個人私事,不能隨便問。所以他們見面打招呼總是說:

Hi/Hello!

Good morning/afternoon/evening/night!

How are you?

It's a lovely day,isn't it?

5.面對恭維

中國人的傳統美德是謙虛謹慎,對別人的恭維和誇獎應是推辭。

如:

「您的英語講得真好。」

「哪裡,哪裡,一點也不行。」

「菜做得很好吃。」

「過獎,過獎,做得不好,請原諒。」

西方人從來不過分謙虛,對恭維一般表示謝意,表現出一種自強自信的信念。

如:

「You can speak very good French.」

「Thank you.」

「It's a wonderful dish!」

「I am glad you like it.」

所以,要注意當說英語的人稱贊你時,千萬不要回答:「No,I don't think so.」這種回答在西方人看來是不禮貌的,甚至是虛偽的。

6.接受禮物

中國人收到禮物時,一般是放在一旁,確信客人走後,才迫不及待地拆開。受禮時連聲說:

「哎呀,還送禮物干什麼?」

「真是不好意思啦。」

「下不為例。」

「讓您破費了。」

西方人收到禮物時,一般當著客人的面馬上打開,並連聲稱好:

「Very beautiful!Wow!」

「What a wonderful gift it is!」

「Thank you for your present.」

看完這些差異之後,大家一定要記得相互理解和尊重喲~

喜歡請多關注學府翻譯哦~

6. 葛底斯堡演說中英對照全文

葛底斯堡演說是美國前總統林肯最著名的演說,內容:

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

八十七年前,我們的先輩們在這個大陸上給我們帶來了一個新的共和國,她受孕於自由的理念,並獻身於一切人生來平等的理想。

Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long enre.

如今我們捲入了一場巨大的內戰,以考驗我們或任何一個受孕於自由和獻身於上述理想的共和國是否能夠長久生存下去。

We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that nation might live.

我們聚集在這場戰爭中的一個重要戰場上,我們來到這里,是要把這個戰場土地的一部分奉獻給那些為使這個共和國能夠生存下去而獻出了自己的生命的烈士們作為最後安息之所。

It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.

我們這樣做是完全應該而且是非常恰當的。

But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground.

但是,從更廣泛的意義上來說,不是我們奉獻、聖化或神化了這塊土地,而是那些活著的或者已經死去的、曾經在這里戰斗過的英雄們使得這塊土地成為神聖之土,其神聖遠非我們的渺小之力可增減。

The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.

世人不會注意,也不會記住我們在這里說什麼。

The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.

但是他們永遠無法忘記那些英雄們的行為。這更要求我們這些活著的人去繼續那些英雄們為之戰斗的未盡事業。

It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.

我們應該在這里把自己奉獻於仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務——要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻身精神,來完成他們已經完全徹底為之獻身的事業;

It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion

我們更應該在這里獻身於我們面前的偉大任務——從這些光榮的死者身上,我們對他們最後一次全身心投入的事業更加投入。

that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.

我們要在這里下定最大的決心,不讓這些死者白白犧牲——要使這個國家在上帝保佑下得到新生——要使這個民有、民治、民享的政府永世長存。

(6)中英擴展閱讀:

1863年7月1日至3日發生的葛底斯堡戰役正值美國內戰關鍵時刻。在三天的戰事中,雙方發射了700萬發子彈,雙方傷、亡、失蹤人數多達5.1萬人,也因此成為美國歷史上最為血腥的戰斗。

戰斗結束後,僅在葛底斯堡大地上死亡的5000匹戰馬便成為恐怖一景。此役之後,北方贏得戰爭,因而避免國家分裂之勢再也不可逆轉。

時任美國總統的林肯在賓夕法尼亞州的葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡國家公墓揭幕式中發表此次演說,哀悼在長達五個半月的葛底斯堡之役中陣亡的將士。

盡管這場演說名垂青史,聲震寰宇,其確切之措辭卻頗受爭議。五份已知的演說稿,與當時新聞報道中的謄抄本,於若干細節上彼此互異。

參考資料來源:網路——葛底斯堡演說